Anomalous Landforms as Cometary Impact Craters
We propose that an individual ejecta landform’s arrival velocity vectors are evidenced in its orientation, and as such are visible in its remote sensing visual record. This datum is used to infer a trajectory azimuth. By correlating geodesic azimuth readings from multiple PZ ejecta emplacements, we attempt the identification of specific causal impact site. FOr a more thurough understanding of the tequnique, please refer to the YDB Manifold discussion.
A striking example of a Perigee: Zero "Impact" signature is a haunting fan shaped signature spread across northern Kansas and southern Nebraska. The image is a 750x750 GlobeXplorer image, full size available via the link.
Kansas to Nebraska Fan Impact Trace
The model we propose for cometary impact craters was used to further identify the causal impact crater. A significant number of specific terrestrial landform features are presented as candidate impact structures.
We offer a gallery of Craters, the vast majority of which are unlikely to be Perigee-Zero event artifacts due to their sheer scale.
PZ Crater
Low-angle of incidence "oblique" impacts creates a unique signature crater, manifested as an oval landform. This landform is visualized as extending from an initial contact point (with a "no fly" ejecta void up range) and spreading out down range. Ejecta often seen as a "Butterfly" pattern, extending out radialy along the major axis of the elipse.
There is a grazing impact visible on our moon that does exhibit some of the PZ structural elements; most interesting is the ejecta stream seen directly along the impactors/s trajectory. Moon craters Messier A and B have a striking down-trajectory ray of ejecta, along with craters which are oval rather than round. The images below are from a web page by Students for the Exploration and Development of Space
Messier Craters and down-trajectory rays
Messier Craters Close-up
A similar set of low-impact angle craters is found on Mars. Here, it has been proposed that they were created by a de-orbiting planetary satelite. The multiple strikes caused by the fragmenting of the body prior to impact.
One suggestion we would make is that a similar sequence of similar-sized and overlapping craters would have gnerated the lower extents of Lake Michigan.
We present the St. Lawrence Bay in Canada’s maritime provinces as an example of a terminal crater. Note the semi-circular artifact within the terminus of the crater. We interpret this to be created by a trailing wave of backwash debris following along behind the comet. This artifact is seen in numerous other terminal craters, and is an identifying signature.
The standardized template used to identify and validate a proposed PZ Impact Fan Crater structure is shown below. The link is used by us in the Google Earth facility as an overlay to identify crater structures.
Research using the remote sensing facilities of the Google Earth System has identified fan craters which exist underwater. One example is the Bowers Ridge Crater in the Aleutian Island arc. We suggest that the high degree of correlation to the generic fan overlay is driven by the preservation of the structure on the sea floor, as the effects of erosion are minimized in that environment.
As mentioned above, a common attribute of the terminal fan structure is the existence of a "backwash" structure within the crater. This is interpreted as debris which is driven downward and dragged along behind the passing comet body. Here is an example from Oregon:
While compiling the database of recognizable craters we have noted combinations of the above types. Of particular interest are craters caused by comet bodies encountering a sudden shift in the elevation of the landscape in the impact path. For instance, should a comet be transiting through deep water, and then strike a coastline with a steep transition, a trenching action could decay into a terminal event. In a pure terrestrial environment, this was seen at Kathmandu, where the comet body approached from the south well above the plain of India, but struck the sudden vertical front range of the Himalayas. The resulting plateau is resolved as a terminal fan crater, although it begins to penetrate the mountains as a trenching event. The Katmandu event is described in more detail in an Enigma Section page.
The standadized templates used to identify and validate a proposed PZ Trench-Fan Impact Crater are
shown below. The images are used by the Google Earth facility as an overlay to identify PZ impact craters
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